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Yom Teruah

"Feast of Trumpets"

“Rosh Hashanah” in Modern Judaism

(Leviticus 23:23-26Numbers 29:1–6)

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Season: September/October

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Original

Significance

A solemn assembly

when trumpets are

blown as a “remembrance.”

 

Remembering: Adonai is Creator, King, and Judge

Prophetic

Significance

Israel’s Messiah will once again sit on the Davidic Throne.

 

The End of Israel’s Exile.

 

The Resurrection that will bring judgment on the whole world

Biblical

Promise

Psalm 47

 

Jeremiah 32:37

 

Zachariah 9:14

 

Daniel 7:13-14, 18, 27; 12:1-3

Fulfillment

in Messiah

Yeshua is the Davidic King who will return to resurrect the righteous and rule the nations 

 

Luke 1:32-33

Matthew 24:29-31

1 Corinthians 15:25

1 Thessalonians 4:16–17 

Revelation 11:15-17

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Yom Kippur

"Day of Atonement"

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(Leviticus 16:1–34; 23: 26-32, Numbers 29:7–11)

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Season: September/October (10 days after Yom Teruah)

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Original

Significance

A solemn assembly 

 

A Day of repentance and forgiveness performed by the High Priest alone on behalf of all the people. 

 

The High Priest places the curse of sin and death on the “Azazel” which is then banished and destroyed.

Prophetic

Significance

Adonai’s people will be forgiven by one Atonement for all time

 

Adonai will fulfill His promise from Gen 3 to bring justice on the head of Satan

Biblical

Promise

Genesis 3:15

 

Jeremiah 31:30-33

 

Zechariah 12:10; 13:1

Fulfillment

in Messiah

Yeshua is the greater High Priest who brought atonement at His first coming and will bring Judgment with His Return

 

Hebrews 1:3; 7:23-28; 8:1-6; 9:1-28; 10:1-23

 

1 Cor. 15:25-26

 

Revelation 20:7-10, 14

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Sukkot

"Feast of Booths"

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(Leviticus 23:33-42, Numbers 29:12-38, Deuteronomy 16:13-15)

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Season: September/October (5 days after Yom Kippur, 7 days of dwelling in booths; 8th Day Festival)​​

Original

Significance

Joyful harvest

 

Celebration and memorial of dwelling in the wilderness

 

Temple worship established

Prophetic

Significance

All peoples brought

under the rulership of the King Messiah

 

Temple is the place where Adonai and His people dwell together.

Biblical

Promise

1 Kings 8:2

 

Ezra 3:4

 

Nehemiah 8:18

 

Hag. 2:1-9

 

Zechariah 14:16-21

Fulfillment

in Messiah

Yeshua’s Thousand Year Reign and the New Jerusalem

 

John 7:37-39; 

 

Revelation 20:4-5;  21:1-7; 22:1-5

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Pesach

Passover

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(Exodus 12:1-13; 21-28; 43-51; Leviticus 23:4-5; Deuteronomy 16:1–8)

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Season:  March/April; Seder: Evening ending the 14th Nisan/Abib

(2nd Passover: 14th of Iyar/Ziv - Num. 9:1–14)
 

Original

Significance

The first of three Pilgrimage
festivals held in Jerusalem

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Redemption from bondage in Egypt and the birth of the Hebrew national identity
 

Prophetic

Significance

The release from exile and return to the “promise” land is seen as a 2nd Exodus throughout the Prophets.

 

Since Israel’s Exile is the result of their sin, Salvation (rescue) from Sin is understood as the end of Exile.

Biblical

Promise

Isaiah 11:15-16; Isaiah 43:16-19

Isaiah Chps 63-65

Jeremiah 23:3-8

Hosea 11:1

Micah 7:15

Fulfillment

in Messiah

Yeshua was crucified as the Passover lambs were being sacrificed

 

Believers are redeemed from bondage of sin through Messiah’s Death

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John 19:28-37

Romans 6:16-18

1 Corinthians 5:7

2 Corinthians 5:21

1 Peter 1:18–19

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Chag Mazot

"Feast of Unleavened Bread"

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(Ex. 12:14-20; 13:1-16; 34:18-21; Lev. 23:6-8; Deut. 16:3–4; 8; Num. 28:17–25)

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Season: ​March/April

(Holy convocations on 1st and 7th day; i.e.15th and 21st of Nissan)
 

Original

Significance

Mazot - Yeast-less bread


Hametz - Yeast

 

Consecration and Redemption of the Hebrew firstborn

 

Bread of Affliction: Remembering the cost of Redemption - The death of the Firstborn
 

Prophetic

Significance

God’s people are to live lives in distinction from the cultures around them (i.e.. Not participating in their sin and immorality)

 

The God of the Hebrews has the power to judge and redeem any nation, so His people must search out and remove the sin in their lives.

Biblical

Promise

Psalms 78:1-8; 41-64;

 

Amos 4

 

Isaiah 19

Fulfillment

in Messiah

All believers in

Messiah cleansed from sin and empowered to walk in newness of life

Romans 6:10-14

 

Followers of Messiah are called to “Get rid of the old Hametz” and “Celebrate the Feast…in sincerity and truth.” Because they have been “bought with a price”

1 Corinthians 5/6

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HaBikkurim

"Feast of Firstfuits"

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(Ex. 23:16; 19; Lev. 23:9-14)

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Season:  March/April  (“On the morning after the Shabbat” of Passover)

Original

Significance

Thanksgiving for the upcoming grain harvest

 

The promise of the harvest to come (first of the grain presented to God

Prophetic

Significance

The entire Jewish nation is seen as YHWH chosen representatives, called out from the nations to serve and worship Him. But the day will come when all people come and worship YWHW.

Biblical

Promise

Isaiah 2:2-4;

Isaiah 42:6–7;
Isaiah 49:6;

Isaiah 56:1-8;

Jeremiah 2:3;

Ezekiel 37:1-14

Daniel 12:2

Fulfillment

in Messiah

Messiah’s Resurrection

John 19:16–37

Romans 6:3-5

1 Corinthians 15:20, 22

 

People of Messiah

Romans 11:16-17

James 1:18

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